The slice() method is used to extract a part of a string and return the extracted part as a new string without altering the original string. This method is based on the index of the string. It takes two parameters: the starting index (position) and the ending index (position).
The slice() method returns a string that includes the characters from the given starting index up to, but not including, the character at the index specified by the second parameter. If a parameter is negative, the position is counted from the end of the string.
Syntax:
- string.slice(IndexStart)
- string.slice(IndexStart, IndexEnd)
Parameters:
- IndexStart: The position from which you want to extract the slice from your original string.
- IndexEnd: The position up to which you want to extract the slice from the original string.
Example:
var str = “Ayushi bought a pen!”
- str.slice(4) → ‘hi bought a pen!’
⇒Here, by using the slice method, we start from index 4 and include all characters up to the end of the string, resulting in “hi bought a pen!”
- str.slice(-4) → ‘pen!’
⇒Here, when passing a negative number like -4 for the index start for a slice, it will count from the end, resulting in “pen!” as the output string.
- str.slice(20) → ‘ ’
⇒ Here, we pass in the length of the string as 20 for the starting index of the slice, which will then return an empty string.
- str.slice(7, 17) → ‘bought a p’
⇒Here, we pass in 7 and 17 as the start and end indexes for the slice. The slice will start from index 7 and go up to, but not including, index 17. As a result, it will return “bought a p” as the resulting string.
- str.slice(17, 7) → ‘ ’
⇒ Here, we pass in 17 and 7 as the start and end indexes for a slice, which will produce an empty string.
- str.slice(-15, -10) → ‘i bou’
⇒Here, we are passing -15 and -10 as the start and end indexes for the slice. The slice will start from the 15th position from the end and stop at the 11th position from the end (not including -10). Therefore, it will return “i bou” as the resulting string.
- str.slice(-15, 2) → ‘ ’
⇒Here, we are passing -15 and 2 as the start and end indexes for the slice. Since 2 is before -15, the slice will return an empty string.
- str.slice(2, -15) → ‘ush’
⇒Here, we are passing in the values 2 and -15 as the start and end indexes for the slice. The slice will start from index 2, but since the index -15 is not included, it will return just “ush” as the resulting string.
Code 1:
<html>
<head>
<title> Slice() Method <title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var str = "I'm lost in coding";
document.write(str.slice(4, 8));
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
lost
Code 2:
<html>
<head>
<title> Slice() Method </title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var str = "I'm lost in coding";
document.write(str.slice(-6, 18));
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:
coding